# Cardiologists

> Diagnose, treat, manage, and prevent diseases or conditions of the cardiovascular system. May further subspecialize in interventional procedures (e.g., balloon angioplasty and stent placement), echocardiography, or electrophysiology.

- Edition: Data verified Nov 2026 · CollegesRef 2026–27 edition
- Page: https://www.collegesref.com/careers/cardiologists
- SOC code: 29-1212.00
- Career family: Healthcare practitioners
- Median annual pay: $496,010 (10th percentile $107,190, 90th percentile $712,130)
- Projected growth: As fast as average, +4.8%
- Openings a year: 500
- Typical entry education: Doctoral or professional degree
- Bright outlook: yes
- Data years: BLS 2025 wages · 2025–35 projections

## Interest profile (code IRS)

| Interest area | Score (0–100) |
| --- | ---: |
| Realistic (R) | 66 |
| Investigative (I) | 98 |
| Artistic (A) | 2 |
| Social (S) | 62 |
| Enterprising (E) | 21 |
| Conventional (C) | 50 |

## Also called

APP (Advanced Practice Provider), Cardiac Specialist, Cardiologist, Cardiology Non-Invasive Physician, Cardiology Physician, DO Physician (Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Physician), Electrophysiology Cardiologist, General Cardiologist, Heart Failure Cardiologist, Interventional Cardiologist

## Majors that lead here (NCES CIP–SOC crosswalk, 4-digit CIP)

- [Medicine](https://www.collegesref.com/programs/5112) (CIP 5112, 133 colleges)

## Related careers

- [Pediatric Surgeons](https://www.collegesref.com/careers/pediatric-surgeons): $559,030 median pay
- [General Internal Medicine Physicians](https://www.collegesref.com/careers/general-internal-medicine-physicians): $256,560 median pay
- [Anesthesiologists](https://www.collegesref.com/careers/anesthesiologists): $391,490 median pay
- [Urologists](https://www.collegesref.com/careers/urologists): $265,930 median pay
- [Emergency Medicine Physicians](https://www.collegesref.com/careers/emergency-medicine-physicians): $335,550 median pay
- [Radiologists](https://www.collegesref.com/careers/radiologists): $420,860 median pay

## Sources

- [O*NET Database](https://www.onetcenter.org/database.html), version 31.0 (CC BY 4.0)
- [BLS Employment Projections](https://www.bls.gov/emp/tables.htm), version 2025-35, data year 2025 (Public domain (U.S. government work))
- [BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics](https://www.bls.gov/oes/tables.htm), version 2025, data year 2025 (Public domain (U.S. government work))
- [NCES CIP 2020 to SOC 2018 crosswalk](https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds/cipcode/resources.aspx?y=56), version 2020, data year 2020 (Public domain (U.S. government work))

O*NET 31.0 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. CollegesRef has modified all or some of this information.