SOC 29-1249.00
All surgeons not listed separately.
Data verified Nov 2026 · CollegesRef 2026–27 edition
Source: BLS 2025 wages · 2025–35 projections
Annual pay range
25,140 people work in this occupation.
In short
Surgeons in this specialized category perform complex medical operations, such as brain, cardiac, and reconstructive surgeries. The position offers a median annual pay of $414,010, with earnings reflecting the highly advanced nature of the work.
Written with AI from the BLS, O*NET and CareerOneStop data on this page. Every figure is checked against that data before it is published.
All surgeons not listed separately.
These medical specialists perform operations that are not classified under other specific surgical categories. Their daily responsibilities involve diagnosing patient illnesses, planning surgical procedures, and operating on patients to correct physical deformities, repair injuries, or treat diseases. This group includes highly specialized professionals such as neurosurgeons, thoracic surgeons, cardiac surgeons, and surgical oncologists.
To succeed in this role, individuals must possess deep knowledge of medicine and surgery, alongside strong skills in complex problem solving, active listening, and critical thinking. The work demands high attention to detail, stress tolerance, and dependability, as surgeons must make critical decisions under pressure. They work in high-stakes environments, collaborating with other healthcare professionals to ensure patient safety before, during, and after surgical interventions.
Entering this profession requires a significant commitment to higher education and clinical training. Candidates typically must earn a doctoral or professional degree. Appropriate college majors that lead to this career path include medicine and multiple-pathway medical fellowship programs, which provide the intensive training required for specialized surgical procedures.
In addition to completing medical school and residency programs, some states list a license for this work. Professionals in this field may also pursue voluntary credentials to demonstrate their expertise, such as the Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality certification offered by the National Association for Healthcare Quality.
In 2025, the median annual pay for these surgeons was $414,010. Earnings can vary significantly based on experience, location, and specialization; the lowest 10 percent of earners make less than $80,320, while the highest 10 percent earn more than $655,320.
There were 25,140 people employed in this occupation. Between 2025 and 2035, employment is projected to grow by 4 percent, which is as fast as the average for all occupations. This growth, along with normal retirement and turnover, is expected to result in approximately 700 job openings each year.
Brain Surgeon · Cardiac Surgeon · Cardiovascular Surgeon · Colorectal Surgeon · Neurological Surgeon · Neurosurgeon · Plastic Surgeon · Reconstructive Surgeon · Surgical Oncologist · Thoracic Surgeon
Career pathway
Interests that fit the work, the career, majors that lead there and colleges whose graduates in those majors earn the most. Hover or focus a step to follow one path.
1Interests
2This career
3Majors
4Colleges
This career
Majors
NCES CIP–SOC crosswalk
Related programs by four-digit CIP code. They are common routes in, not the only ones.
133 colleges offer it
2 colleges offer it
CareerOneStop
What surgeons, all other may need beyond a degree, where a license is required, and what the work pays in each state.
Core certifications employers recognise for this work.
Programs of study that prepare people for this work. Showing 12 of 25.
52 states list a license for this work. Open your state for the license and the agency that issues it.
Federal
Medical Doctor
Board Certified Doctor of Medicine
Osteopath
Physician and Surgeon
Physician
Perfusionist
Orthotics, Prosthetic and Pedorthic Advisory Board, Health Facility Services, Arkansas Department of Health
Physician (M.D./D.O.)
Arkansas State Medical Board, Arkansas Department of Health
General Anesthesia Permit (dentist or physician)
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Permit
Osteopathic Physician and Surgeon License
Osteopathic Medical Board of California, Department of Consumer Affairs
Physician and Surgeon
Qualified Medical Evaluator
Division of Workers Compensation Medical Unit, Department of Industrial Relations
Foreign Teaching Physician
Board of Medical Examiners, Division of Professions & Occupations, Department of Regulatory Agencies
Physician
Board of Medical Examiners, Division of Professions & Occupations, Department of Regulatory Agencies
Physician Training License
Board of Medical Examiners, Division of Professions & Occupations, Department of Regulatory Agencies
Pro Bono Physician
Board of Medical Examiners, Division of Professions & Occupations, Department of Regulatory Agencies
Surgical Assitants
Surgical Assistant and Surgical Technologist, Division of Professions & Occupations, Department of Regulatory Agencies
Physician/Surgeon
Practitioner Licensing & Investigations Section, Health Care Systems Branch, Department of Public Health
Resident Physician
Practitioner Licensing & Investigations Section, Health Care Systems Branch, Department of Public Health
Physician
Physician
Physician Training
Physician Training
Medical Doctor
Division of Medical Quality Assurance, FL Department of Health
Osteopathic Physician
Division of Medical Quality Assurance, FL Department of Health
Physician
Division of Professions, FL Dept. of Business and Professional Regulation
Physician
Physician
Guam Board of Medical Examiners, Department of Public Health and Social Services
Physicians & Surgeons
LICENSED PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation
PHYSICIAN - LIMITED MEDICALTEMPORARY PERMIT
Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation
PHYSICIAN - TEMPORARY MEDICAL PERMIT
Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation
VISITING PHYSICIAN PROFESSOR
Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation
VISITING RESIDENT PERMIT
Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation
CSR- Osteopathic Physician
Medical Licensing Board of Indiana, Indiana Professional Licensing Agency
CSR- Physician
Medical Licensing Board of Indiana, Indiana Professional Licensing Agency
Limited Scope Physician
Medical Licensing Board of Indiana, Indiana Professional Licensing Agency
Limted Scope Osteopathic Physician
Medical Licensing Board of Indiana, Indiana Professional Licensing Agency
Medical Residency Permit
Medical Licensing Board of Indiana, Indiana Professional Licensing Agency
Osteopathic Physician
Medical Licensing Board of Indiana, Indiana Professional Licensing Agency
Physician
Medical Licensing Board of Indiana, Indiana Professional Licensing Agency
Temporary Osteopathic Physician Permit
Medical Licensing Board of Indiana, Indiana Professional Licensing Agency
Temporary Physician Permit
Medical Licensing Board of Indiana, Indiana Professional Licensing Agency
Doctor of Medicine (M.D. or D.O.)
Iowa Board of Medicine, Department of Inspections, Appeals, & Licensing
Resident License (M.D. or D.O.)
Iowa Board of Medicine, Department of Inspections, Appeals, & Licensing
Doctors of Medicine & Surgery (MD)
Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine & Surgery (DO)
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Specialty License
Physician
Osteopath
Louisiana State Board of Medical Examiners, Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals
Physician or Medical Doctor
Louisiana State Board of Medical Examiners, Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals
Veterinarian (Doctor of Veterinarian Medicine)
Louisiana Board of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana Department of Health and Hospitals
Medical Doctor
Medical Doctor, Administrative
Medical Doctor, Camp Physician
Medical Doctor, Consultive Telemedicine
Medical Doctor, Educational
Medical Doctor, Emergency
Medical Doctor, Emeritus
Medical Doctor, Temporary
Medical Doctor, Volunteer
Osteopathic Physician - Locum Tenens
Osteopathic Physician - Permanent
PHYSICIAN, OPHTHALOMOLOGIST, MEDICAL DOCTOR, MEDICAL DIRECTO
Board of Physicians, Maryland State Dept. of Health & Mental Hygiene
PHYSICIAN
Medical Doctor (M.D.)
Bureau of Professional Licensing, Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs
Medical Doctor, Clinical Academic (M.D.)
Bureau of Professional Licensing, Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs
Medical Doctor, Educational Limited (M.D.)
Bureau of Professional Licensing, Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs
Oral Maxillofacial Surgeon
Bureau of Professional Licensing, Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs
Osteopathic Physician (D.O.)
Bureau of Professional Licensing, Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs
Medical Faculty License
Physician (Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) and Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.))
Telemedicine Registration
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
Physician - Medical Doctor
Telemedicine
Office of Licensure, Professional Licensure Division, MS State Dept. of Health
Assistant Physician
Medical Physician & Surgeon
Osteopathic Physician & Surgeon
Medical Examiners - Medical Doctor
Medical Examiners - Medical Doctor Compact
Medical Examiners - Physician Occasional Case
Medical Examiners - Resident Physician
Medical Examiners - Rural Rotation Resident
Medical Examiners - Telemed
Osteopathic Physician (DO)
Public Health Licensure Unit, Nebraska Dept. of Health & Human Services
Physician/Surgeon (MD)
Public Health Licensure Unit, Nebraska Dept. of Health & Human Services
Osteopathic Physician
Physician
Physician and Surgeon
Medical Doctor
Resident Physician
Telemedicine Physician
Ambulatory Surgical Facility/To Operate
Limited Emergency Disaster License
Medical Doctor (MD)
Osteopath Privilege
Osteopathic Physician (DO)
Physician Military Relocation
Physician Privilege
Resident Training (Physicians)
Retired Volunteer License
Special Purpose Physician
Osteopaths
Physicians and Surgeons
Physician
Northern Mariana Islands, Medical Profession Licensing Board
Physicians (D. O.)
State Medical Board of Ohio
Physicians (M. D.)
State Medical Board of Ohio
Osteopathic Physician (D.O.)
Physician Surgeon M.D. (Physician/Surgeon and all others)
Physician/Surgeon M.D. (Surgeons)
Physicians, Limited Licenses
Physicians, Locum Tenens
Physicians, Medical Doctor
Physicians, Osteopathic
Physicians, Volunteer Emeritus Licenses
Medical Doctor Graduate Training License
Medicine Board, Bureau of Professional & Occupational Affairs, Department of State
Medical Doctor Institutional License
Medicine Board, Bureau of Professional & Occupational Affairs, Department of State
Medical Doctor Interim Limited License
Medicine Board, Bureau of Professional & Occupational Affairs, Department of State
Medical Doctor License without Restriction
Medicine Board, Bureau of Professional & Occupational Affairs, Department of State
Medical Doctor Temporary License
Medicine Board, Bureau of Professional & Occupational Affairs, Department of State
Osteopathic Graduate License/Temporary License
Osteopathic Medicine Board, Bureau of Professional & Occupational Affairs, Department of State
Osteopathic Physician and Surgeon
Osteopathic Medicine Board, Bureau of Professional & Occupational Affairs, Department of State
Osteopathic Physician (D.O.)
Board of Medical Licensure and Discipline, RI Department of Health
Physician and Surgeon (Allopathic - M.D.)
Board of Medical Licensure and Discipline, RI Department of Health
Academic License
Limited License
Limited License (14 days)
Military MD Limited License
Physician (DO)
Physician (MD)
Temporary License
Training
Volunteer Limited License
HEALTHCARE PROVIDER (INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL GRADUATE)
Board of Medical Examiners, Department of Health
MEDICAL DOCTORS
Board of Medical Examiners, Department of Health
ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT
Division of Health Related Boards, Division of Health Related Boards, Department of Health
OSTEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN
Division of Health Related Boards, Division of Health Related Boards, Department of Health
OSTEOPATHIC X-RAY EXAMINERS
Division of Health Related Boards, Division of Health Related Boards, Department of Health
SPECIAL TRAINING DO
Division of Health Related Boards, Division of Health Related Boards, Department of Health
SPECIAL TRAINING M.D.
Division of Health Related Boards, Division of Health Related Boards, Department of Health
PERFUSIONIST
PHYSICIAN
OSTEOPATHIC PHYSICIAN & SURGEON
Division of Occupational & Professional Licensing, Utah Department of Commerece
PHYSICIAN - SURGEONS
Division of Occupational & Professional Licensing, Utah Department of Commerece
Doctor
Osteopathic Physician
Medical Doctors
Osteopathic Physicians
Residents
PHYSICIAN
Data from CareerOneStop, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor (Employment and Training Administration, with the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development). Retrieved November 6, 2026.
Your plan
Courses, majors, colleges, scholarships and a timeline for this career, built from your profile.
Written with AI from the BLS, O*NET and CareerOneStop data on this page. Every figure is checked against that data before it is published.
Professionals in this category are known by various specialized titles depending on their focus. These include brain surgeons, cardiac surgeons, cardiovascular surgeons, colorectal surgeons, neurological surgeons, neurosurgeons, plastic surgeons, reconstructive surgeons, surgical oncologists, and thoracic surgeons.
To enter this field, individuals must earn a doctoral or professional degree. This is followed by extensive hands-on clinical training through medical residency and fellowship programs focused on medicine or specialized surgical pathways.
Yes, some states list a license for this work. Additionally, practitioners can obtain professional certifications, such as the Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality credential from the National Association for Healthcare Quality.
Every figure on this page comes from these public datasets. Missing values are shown as not reported, never estimated.
Version 31.0
Version 2025-35 · Data year 2025
Version 2025 · Data year 2025
Version 2020 · Data year 2020
O*NET 31.0 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. CollegesRef has modified all or some of this information.
Data from CareerOneStop, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor (Employment and Training Administration, with the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development). Retrieved November 6, 2026.
Page data updated November 5, 2026.