Physicists

Physicists spend their days exploring the fundamental laws of nature. They analyze data, process information, and use computers to model physical systems. Their daily activities include identifying physical events, thinking creatively to solve complex problems, and documenting their research findings. To succeed, they must apply advanced knowledge of physics, mathematics, chemistry, and engineering. They also need strong skills in science, critical thinking, and reading comprehension to understand complex scientific literature.

This profession attracts people with strong investigative interests who enjoy researching and understanding the world. Successful physicists rely on work styles such as intellectual curiosity, innovation, and high attention to detail. They must show perseverance and a tolerance for ambiguity when experiments do not yield immediate answers. Communicating their findings is also a major part of the job, requiring strong writing and speaking skills to share discoveries with other scientists, engineers, and the public.

Entering this field requires extensive preparation. The typical education needed to start working as a physicist is a doctoral or professional degree. Most professionals in this role hold a graduate degree, such as a PhD or a master's degree. Students preparing for this career usually major in physics, astronomy and astrophysics, engineering physics, public health, or physics and astronomy.

While advanced degrees are the standard path, some specific roles may involve additional credentials. For example, professionals can earn the Certified Health Physicist credential from the American Academy of Health Physics. Additionally, some states list a license for this work, so requirements can vary depending on the location and the specific subfield of physics.

The median annual pay for physicists is $172,250. Earnings vary based on experience and industry, with the lowest 10% earning less than $82,110 and the highest 10% earning more than $274,110.

There are 20,430 people employed in this field. Between 2025 and 2035, employment is projected to grow by 7.2%, which is faster than average. This growth is expected to result in 1,300 job openings each year.