Office and administrative support
File Clerks
- Median pay
- $43,600
- Outlook
- Decline
High school diploma
- Reading Comprehension
- Active Listening
- Speaking
SOC 23-2093.00
Search real estate records, examine titles, or summarize pertinent legal or insurance documents or details for a variety of purposes.
Data verified Nov 2026 · CollegesRef 2026–27 edition
Source: BLS 2025 wages · 2025–35 projections
Annual pay range
48,580 people work in this occupation.
In short
Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers research public and private records to summarize legal and insurance documents for real estate transactions. This career offers a median annual pay of $58,650.
Written with AI from the BLS, O*NET and CareerOneStop data on this page. Every figure is checked against that data before it is published.
Search real estate records, examine titles, or summarize pertinent legal or insurance documents or details for a variety of purposes. May compile lists of mortgages, contracts, and other instruments pertaining to titles by searching public and private records for law firms, real estate agencies, or title insurance companies.
Usually a high school diploma; some on-the-job training or experience.
Professionals in this field spend their days gathering, documenting, and processing information from real estate records. They compile lists of mortgages, contracts, and other legal instruments to help law firms, real estate agencies, and title insurance companies. This work requires strong reading comprehension, critical thinking, and active listening to evaluate whether documents comply with legal standards. Using computers to search databases and organize information is a major part of the routine.
Success in this role relies on a conventional interest area, meaning a preference for structured, detail-oriented tasks. Workers must show high levels of dependability, cautiousness, and integrity when handling sensitive legal records. They need a solid understanding of administrative procedures, customer service, and basic law and government. Strong time management and communication skills help these specialists coordinate with supervisors and peers while solving complex problems under tight deadlines.
Entering this career typically requires a high school diploma. Most workers need some on-the-job training or previous work experience to become proficient, as this occupation is classified under moderate preparation. While a college degree is not mandatory, students can prepare by pursuing college majors in legal support services.
Because requirements vary by location, some states list a license for this work. Aspiring examiners should check local guidelines to see if they must obtain state-specific licensing before practicing. Gaining experience in related clerical or legal assistant roles can also help candidates transition into this field.
The median annual pay for these specialists is $58,650. The lowest 10 percent of earners make less than $38,170, while the highest 10 percent earn more than $90,830. Currently, there are 48,580 people employed in this field.
Employment is projected to grow by 2.1 percent from 2025 to 2035, which is as fast as the average for all occupations. This growth, along with normal staff turnover, is expected to result in 5,300 job openings each year.
Interest code CEI. Compare it with yours
Abstract Clerk · Abstract Searcher · Abstract Writer · Abstractor · Advisory Title Officer · Commercial Examiner · Commercial Title Assistant · Commercial Title Examiner · Data Abstractor · Examiner
Career pathway
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Colleges
College Scorecard program outcomes
Programs that lead to this career, ranked by what their graduates earn four years after finishing. Earnings are for graduates who received federal aid.
Kent, OH · Legal Support Services · Bachelor's
Source: U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard field-of-study data, 2025. Programs with few graduates are not listed.
NCES CIP–SOC crosswalk
Related programs by four-digit CIP code. They are common routes in, not the only ones.
591 colleges offer it
CareerOneStop
What title examiners, abstractors, and searchers may need beyond a degree, where a license is required, and what the work pays in each state.
Programs of study that prepare people for this work.
8 states list a license for this work. Open your state for the license and the agency that issues it.
Licensed Insurance Title Insurance Agent
Abstractor
Arkansas Abstracters Board, Arkansas Department of Labor and Licensing
Abstracter: Company & Individual Proprietor / Individual
Abstracter, Registered
Nebraska Abstracters Board of Examiners
Abstractors
Individual Abstractors License
Oklahoma Abstractors Board
Data from CareerOneStop, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor (Employment and Training Administration, with the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development). Retrieved November 6, 2026.
Your plan
Courses, majors, colleges, scholarships and a timeline for this career, built from your profile.
Written with AI from the BLS, O*NET and CareerOneStop data on this page. Every figure is checked against that data before it is published.
People in this occupation are also known as abstract clerks, abstract searchers, abstract writers, and abstractors. Other common job titles include advisory title officers, commercial examiners, commercial title assistants, commercial title examiners, data abstractors, and examiners.
A high school diploma is the typical education needed to enter the field. Most workers also complete some on-the-job training to learn how to navigate property databases and legal records.
Yes, related careers include file clerks, paralegals and legal assistants, and court, municipal, and license clerks. You might also consider roles like insurance claims and policy processing clerks, appraisers and assessors of real estate, or appraisers of personal and business property.
Every figure on this page comes from these public datasets. Missing values are shown as not reported, never estimated.
Version 31.0
Version 2025-35 · Data year 2025
Version 2025 · Data year 2025
Version 2020 · Data year 2020
O*NET 31.0 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. CollegesRef has modified all or some of this information.
Data from CareerOneStop, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor (Employment and Training Administration, with the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development). Retrieved November 6, 2026.
Page data updated November 5, 2026.