SOC 27-3043.00

    Writers and Authors

    Originate and prepare written material, such as scripts, stories, advertisements, and other material.

    Median pay
    $76,910
    Growth
    -0.3%
    Little or no change
    Openings a year
    11,900
    Typical education
    Bachelor's degree

    Data verified Nov 2026 · CollegesRef 2026–27 edition

    Source: BLS 2025 wages · 2025–35 projections

    See the pathway

    Annual pay range

    Lowest 10% earn less than
    $44,310
    Median
    $76,910
    Highest 10% earn more than
    $139,870
    National wages for all workers in this occupation. BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025.

    47,940 people work in this occupation.

    In short

    Writers and authors create written content such as scripts, advertisements, and stories. The career offers a median annual pay of $76,910, with earnings ranging from under $44,310 to over $139,870.

    Written with AI from the BLS, O*NET and CareerOneStop data on this page. Every figure is checked against that data before it is published.

    What writers and authors do

    Job Zone 4: Considerable preparation

    Originate and prepare written material, such as scripts, stories, advertisements, and other material.

    Most need a bachelor's degree and several years of related experience.

    What the work is like

    People in this career originate and prepare written materials for various media. Their day-to-day work involves getting information, thinking creatively, and working with computers to draft and refine content. They must organize, plan, and prioritize their own work while interpreting complex information for their readers. Communication is a major part of the job, which includes interacting with people outside their organization and building strong interpersonal relationships.

    Success in this field requires strong skills in writing, reading comprehension, active listening, and critical thinking. Writers must manage their time effectively and solve complex problems. They rely on a deep knowledge of the English language, communications, media, and marketing. This job fits people with artistic interests who value innovation, initiative, and intellectual curiosity. Because writing projects can change quickly, professionals need high levels of adaptability, perseverance, and a tolerance for ambiguity.

    How to get there

    Entering this field typically requires a bachelor's degree. Because this occupation requires considerable preparation, most professionals also need several years of related work experience before they are hired as established writers or authors.

    Students preparing for this career often choose college majors focused on communication and writing. Relevant majors include rhetoric and composition/writing studies, journalism, literature, communication and media studies, and business or corporate communications. Other helpful programs of study include drama, theatre arts, stagecraft, and family and consumer sciences business services.

    Pay and outlook explained

    The median annual pay for writers and authors is $76,910. This means half of the workers in this field earn more than this amount, and half earn less. The lowest 10% of earners make less than $44,310, while the highest 10% earn more than $139,870.

    There are 47,940 people employed in this occupation. Between 2025 and 2035, employment is projected to change by -0.3%, which represents little or no change in the total number of jobs. Despite this flat growth, about 11,900 job openings are expected to become available each year.

    Interest profile

    Realistic (R)
    0 / 100
    Investigative (I)
    38 / 100
    Artistic (A) · strongest
    95 / 100
    Social (S)
    31 / 100
    Enterprising (E)
    63 / 100
    Conventional (C)
    39 / 100
    How strongly each interest area describes the work, from O*NET (scores rescaled to 0–100). The interest code lists the strongest areas in order.

    Interest code AEC. Compare it with yours

    What you'd do

    Getting Information
    92
    Thinking Creatively
    92
    Working with Computers
    87
    Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work
    86
    Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others
    82
    Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge
    81
    Communicating with People Outside the Organization
    79
    Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships
    78
    Documenting/Recording Information
    76
    Analyzing Data or Information
    75
    Work activities rated by importance for this occupation, O*NET (0–100).

    Skills and strengths

    Skills

    • Writing
    • Reading Comprehension
    • Active Listening
    • Speaking
    • Time Management
    • Critical Thinking
    • Complex Problem Solving
    • Judgment and Decision Making
    • Active Learning
    • Persuasion

    Knowledge

    • English Language
    • Communications and Media
    • Administrative
    • Computers and Electronics
    • Sales and Marketing
    • Customer and Personal Service
    • Administration and Management
    • Psychology
    • Economics and Accounting
    • Education and Training

    Abilities

    • Written Expression
    • Written Comprehension
    • Fluency of Ideas
    • Oral Comprehension
    • Oral Expression
    • Originality
    • Speech Clarity
    • Near Vision
    • Speech Recognition
    • Inductive Reasoning

    Work styles

    • Innovation
    • Achievement Orientation
    • Intellectual Curiosity
    • Dependability
    • Initiative
    • Adaptability
    • Tolerance for Ambiguity
    • Self-Confidence
    • Perseverance
    • Attention to Detail

    Also called

    Ad Copywriter (Advertisement Copywriter) · Ad Writer (Advertisement Writer) · Advertising Copywriter · Advertising Writer · Article Writer · Author · Biographer · Blurb Writer · Business Writer · Content Creator

    Career pathway

    From your interests to writers and authors

    Interests that fit the work, the career, majors that lead there and colleges whose graduates in those majors earn the most. Hover or focus a step to follow one path.

    1. Interests

    2. This career

      • Writers and Authors$76,910 median pay
    3. Majors

    4. Colleges

    College Scorecard program outcomes

    Colleges with strong outcomes

    Programs that lead to this career, ranked by what their graduates earn four years after finishing. Earnings are for graduates who received federal aid.

    1. 1University of Pennsylvania UPENN logo
      University of Pennsylvania UPENN

      Philadelphia, PA · Communication and Media Studies · Bachelor's

      1 yr after
      $65,287
      4 yrs after
      $114,266
      Median debt
      Not reported
    2. 2Northwestern University-Illinois logo
      Northwestern University-Illinois

      Evanston, IL · Communication and Media Studies · Bachelor's

      1 yr after
      $64,034
      4 yrs after
      $93,541
      Median debt
      $19,500
    3. 3Syracuse University logo
      Syracuse University

      Syracuse, NY · Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences Business Services · Bachelor's

      1 yr after
      $67,165
      4 yrs after
      $90,210
      Median debt
      $24,250
    4. 4Cornell University-New York logo
      Cornell University-New York

      Ithaca, NY · Communication and Media Studies · Bachelor's

      1 yr after
      $63,499
      4 yrs after
      $88,463
      Median debt
      $10,000
    5. 5Santa Clara University logo
      Santa Clara University

      Santa Clara, CA · Communication and Media Studies · Bachelor's

      1 yr after
      $62,295
      4 yrs after
      $84,206
      Median debt
      $19,000
    6. 6Boston College logo
      Boston College

      Chestnut Hill, MA · Communication and Media Studies · Bachelor's

      1 yr after
      $56,442
      4 yrs after
      $83,586
      Median debt
      $18,967
    7. 7Lehigh University logo
      Lehigh University

      Bethlehem, PA · Journalism · Bachelor's

      1 yr after
      $65,957
      4 yrs after
      $81,935
      Median debt
      $23,250
    8. 8
      George Washington University

      Washington, DC · Journalism · Bachelor's

      1 yr after
      $53,658
      4 yrs after
      $81,927
      Median debt
      $19,875

    Source: U.S. Department of Education College Scorecard field-of-study data, 2025. Programs with few graduates are not listed.

    NCES CIP–SOC crosswalk

    Majors that lead here

    Related programs by four-digit CIP code. They are common routes in, not the only ones.

    CareerOneStop

    Certifications, licenses and pay by state

    What writers and authors may need beyond a degree, where a license is required, and what the work pays in each state.

    Training

    Programs of study that prepare people for this work. Showing 12 of 19.

    • Broadcast Journalism
    • Business/Corporate Communications, General
    • Business/Corporate Communications, Other
    • Children's and Adolescent Literature
    • Comedy Writing and Performance
    • Communication, General
    • Communication, Journalism, and Related Programs, Other
    • Creative Writing
    • Family and Consumer Sciences/Human Sciences Communication
    • General Literature
    • Journalism
    • Literature, Other

    Find training near you on CareerOneStop

    Data from CareerOneStop, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor (Employment and Training Administration, with the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development). Retrieved November 6, 2026.

    Your plan

    Build my pathway plan

    Courses, majors, colleges, scholarships and a timeline for this career, built from your profile.

    Questions about writers and authors

    Written with AI from the BLS, O*NET and CareerOneStop data on this page. Every figure is checked against that data before it is published.

    What are some alternative job titles for writers and authors?

    Professionals in this field are also known as content creators, biographers, article writers, and business writers. In the advertising sector, they may be called ad copywriters, advertising writers, or blurb writers.

    What college majors are recommended for this career?

    Students can major in journalism, literature, rhetoric and composition, or communication and media studies. Other related majors include business communications and drama or theatre arts.

    How many job openings are expected each year?

    There are projected to be 11,900 openings each year for writers and authors. This is despite a projected employment change of -0.3% from 2025 to 2035.

    Sources and attribution

    Every figure on this page comes from these public datasets. Missing values are shown as not reported, never estimated.

    O*NET 31.0 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. CollegesRef has modified all or some of this information.

    Data from CareerOneStop, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor (Employment and Training Administration, with the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development). Retrieved November 6, 2026.

    Page data updated November 5, 2026.