Geneticists

Geneticists spend their days researching hereditary traits and solving complex biological problems. This investigative work requires gathering and processing information, analyzing data, and thinking creatively to solve problems. These scientists document their findings, update their knowledge regularly, and use computers to organize and prioritize their tasks. They must communicate their discoveries clearly to peers, subordinates, and supervisors.

Succeeding in this field requires strong skills in science, reading comprehension, active learning, and critical thinking. Geneticists must be skilled writers and speakers to share their research. They rely on a deep knowledge of biology, chemistry, mathematics, and medicine, alongside an understanding of English, computers, and education. Because the work is highly detailed and complex, professionals must show strong attention to detail, intellectual curiosity, dependability, and perseverance. They must also be comfortable with innovation and have a tolerance for ambiguity when experiments yield unexpected results.

To enter this career, individuals typically need at least a bachelor's degree. However, because this occupation requires extensive preparation, most professionals in the field eventually earn a graduate degree, such as a master's degree, PhD, MD, or JD. Students preparing for this career often major in biology, biochemistry, biophysics and molecular biology, biotechnology, neurobiology, or applied mathematics. Other relevant majors include physiology, pathology, ecology, evolution, and experimental psychology.

Depending on their specific career goals, professionals may seek voluntary certifications. These include the Certification in Pathology: Molecular Genetic Pathology from the American Board of Pathology, or the Certified Genetics Counselor credential from the American Board of Genetic Counseling. Additionally, some states list licensing requirements for individuals performing this work, so candidates should check local state regulations.

The median annual pay for geneticists is $98,920. Earnings can vary significantly based on experience, education, and industry; the lowest 10% of workers earn less than $60,430, while the highest 10% earn more than $168,010. These wage figures are for the broader BLS group categorized as "Biological scientists, all other."

There are 55,850 people employed in this field. Between 2025 and 2035, employment is projected to grow by 4.7%, which is as fast as the average for all occupations. This growth, combined with normal turnover, is expected to result in approximately 4,300 job openings each year.