Molecular and Cellular Biologists

These scientists spend their time researching cellular molecules and organelles to understand how cells are organized and how they function. On a daily basis, the work involves gathering and processing information, analyzing data, and documenting their findings. They use computers to perform their tasks, solve complex problems, and think creatively to identify biological objects and events. Communication is also a key part of the job, as researchers must regularly share updates with supervisors and peers.

Succeeding in this field requires strong skills in science, critical thinking, reading comprehension, and writing. Active listening and speaking are also important for collaborating with other scientists. Because the work is highly technical, professionals must have deep knowledge of biology, chemistry, mathematics, and the English language. Some understanding of medicine, computers, and administration is also helpful. Those who do well in this role typically have investigative interests and show work styles focused on attention to detail, intellectual curiosity, innovation, and perseverance.

To enter this career, individuals typically need at least a bachelor's degree. However, because this occupation requires extensive preparation, most professionals in the field go on to earn a graduate degree, such as a master's degree, PhD, MD, or JD.

Students preparing for this career can choose from several related college majors. Common fields of study include general biology, biochemistry, biophysics and molecular biology, biotechnology, and neurobiology and neurosciences. Other relevant majors include applied mathematics, physiology, pathology and related sciences, research and experimental psychology, and ecology, evolution, systematics, and population biology.

In 2025, the median annual pay for this profession was $98,920. The lowest 10% of earners made less than $60,430, while the highest 10% earned more than $168,010. These wage statistics are for the broader group of biological scientists, all other.

Between 2025 and 2035, employment is projected to grow by 4.7%, which is as fast as the average for all occupations. There are approximately 55,850 people employed in this field, and projections show about 4,300 job openings becoming available each year.