Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers

Geoscientists spend their time analyzing data, working with computers, and gathering information about the Earth's structure and composition. They apply their knowledge of geography, mathematics, chemistry, and physics to address practical challenges, such as waste disposal, land reclamation, and resource exploration. These professionals may study internal Earth forces, oceans, atmospheres, or magnetic fields.

This role requires strong investigative interests and a high degree of intellectual curiosity. Day-to-day tasks involve making decisions, solving complex problems, and documenting findings. Geoscientists must communicate clearly with supervisors and peers while organizing and prioritizing their work. Success in this field relies on critical thinking, active listening, and attention to detail. Practitioners must also show dependability, innovation, and perseverance when dealing with ambiguous scientific data.

Entering this career typically requires a bachelor's degree. Because this occupation falls under Job Zone 4, most individuals also need several years of related work experience before they are fully prepared. Relevant college majors include geological and earth sciences, geosciences, marine sciences, environmental geosciences, earth systems science, geoarcheaology, and geobiology.

To demonstrate professional competency, individuals can pursue the Fundamentals of Geology Examination, which is administered by the National Association of State Boards of Geology. Depending on where they plan to practice, candidates should also check local regulations, as some states list a license for this work.

The median annual pay for these geoscientists is $101,920. Salaries span a wide range based on experience and location, with the lowest 10% earning less than $59,330 and the highest 10% earning more than $200,230.

There are 23,470 people employed in this field. Between 2025 and 2035, employment is projected to grow by 5.1%, which is faster than average. This growth, combined with normal turnover, is expected to result in 1,800 job openings each year.