Hydrologists

Hydrologists spend their time researching how water moves through the earth, infiltrates the soil, and returns to the atmosphere and oceans. They study precipitation patterns, underground water systems, and surface waters to solve complex environmental and engineering problems. On a daily basis, these professionals gather and process information, analyze data, and use computers to model water systems. They document their findings and interpret scientific data for supervisors, colleagues, and the public.

This role requires strong investigative interests and a deep curiosity about the natural world. Success in this field relies on skills in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and geography, alongside biology and engineering. Hydrologists must apply critical thinking and active learning to solve difficult water resource issues. They need to be highly dependable, detail-oriented, and cautious in their work, while maintaining the adaptability and perseverance required to handle unpredictable environmental conditions.

To enter this career, individuals typically need a bachelor's degree. Most professionals also acquire several years of related work experience to prepare for the role. Common college majors that lead to this field include geological and earth sciences or geosciences, environmental geosciences, and earth systems science.

Depending on the employer and location, professionals may seek voluntary credentials such as the Certified Erosion, Sediment and Storm Water Inspector certification from EnviroCert International, Inc. Additionally, some states list specific licensing requirements for hydrologists, so candidates should check local state regulations. Related careers that share similar educational backgrounds include geoscientists, hydrologic technicians, and water resource specialists.

In 2025, the median annual pay for hydrologists was $96,600. This means half of the workers in this field earned more than this amount, and half earned less. The lowest 10% of earners made less than $64,020, while the highest 10% earned more than $153,130.

There are 5,850 people employed in this occupation. Between 2025 and 2035, employment is projected to grow by 1.5%, which is slower than the average for all occupations. Despite this slow growth rate, about 400 job openings are projected to become available each year.